According to the second law of thermodynamics, what happens to entropy in an isolated system?

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Entropy, a key concept in the second law of thermodynamics, quantifies the amount of disorder or randomness in a system. In an isolated system—one that does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings—the second law states that the total entropy can never decrease. Instead, it tends to increase over time, which implies that natural processes favor the direction of greater disorder.

This increase in entropy reflects the idea that systems naturally evolve towards thermodynamic equilibrium, a state of maximum entropy. As energy disperses and systems become more randomized, the overall randomness and disorder of the system increase, illustrating the fundamental tendency towards increasing entropy in isolated systems.

Understanding this principle is crucial for grasping various thermodynamic processes and the behavior of different systems in engineering and science.